Iraqi Postgraduate Medical Journal

Abstract

ABSTRACT:
BACKGROUND:
Ischemic heart disease is the main cause of death throughout the world. Cytokines are key regulatory glycoproteins . They are intimately associated with atherogenesis and modulate plaque morphology and stabilization.
OBJECTIVE:
To study the role of pro-inflammatory Interleukin-8 , and anti-inflammatory interleukin-10 in patients with Acute coronary syndromes (ACS)(acute myocardial infarction and unstable angina).
METHODS:
This study included (55) patients with acute coronary syndrome, (30) patients with acute Myocardial infarction ( 24 males and 6 female) and 25 patients with unstable Angina (11 males and 14 females). This project has been carried out on patients at the coronary care unit (CCU) of Baghdad teaching hospital/ Medical City/ Baghdad, during the period from April to June 2010. A twenty five, apparently healthy individuals were taken as a healthy control group. Venous blood sample was taken from each subject. Levels of interleukin-8 and Interleukin-10 were estimated by using enzyme linked immunosorbant assay . {ELISA-kit for detection of IL-8 (BioSource Europe S.A. /catalogue number; KAP1301)} and {ELISA-kit for detection of IL-10 (BioSource Europe S.A./ catalogue number; KAP1321)}
RESULTS:
Plasma level of pro-inflammatory cytokine (interleukin-8) showed a significant elevation in patients with acute myocardial infarction (Mean ± SD =95.26 pg/ml ± 102.89 ;P value=0.004) and unstable angina (Mean ± SD =146.43 pg/ml ± 154.45 ;P value=0.019) in comparison to control group (Mean ± SD =47.75 pg/ml ± 36.67). Serum level of anti-inflammatory cytokine (interleukin-10) showed a significant decrease in unstable angina patients (Mean ± SD =16.95 pg/ml ± 11.92 ;P value=0.012) in comparison to control group (Mean ± SD =30.29 pg/ml ± 21.17),however, it showed no significant differences among acute myocardial infarction patients (Mean ± SD =27.73 pg/ml ± 23.16 ;P value=0.500) in comparison to control group. The ratio of pro-/anti-inflammatory cytokines (interleukin-8 / interleukin-10) was significantly elevated in acute coronary syndrome; acute myocardial infarction and unstable angina patients (P=0.001, P=0.019, P=0.001 respectively) .
CONCLUSION:
Interleukin-8 is an important pro-inflammatory cytokine in coronary artery disease which may contribute to the plaque destabilization in acute coronary syndrome especially unstable angina, and low level of anti-inflammatory interleukin-10 which is considers as a risk factor of development of acute events in unstable angina